Talk title: Genomics-Informed Conservation of Galápagos Sea Cucumbers and the Fisheries They Support | Abstract: The Galápagos Islands are famous for their unique wildlife, but beneath the waves, a crucial species faces growing threats. The Galápagos brown sea cucumber (Isostichopus fuscus) once supported a highly lucrative fishery, but decades of intense overharvest led to a severe population crash. Despite years of strict fishing bans, the species has failed to recover. Understanding the reasons behind the continued depletion of these populations and how to foster their recovery is crucial for both restoring the marine ecosystem and supporting the local economy.
To address these challenges, we used advanced genomic approaches. First, we assembled the complete genome of the Galápagos brown sea cucumber, creating a detailed map of its biological "blueprint" for the first time. Using this reference, we analyzed the DNA of hundreds of individual sea cucumbers from across the archipelago and mainland Ecuador. These analyses revealed critical hidden patterns in population structure and local adaptation.
The insights generated from this extensive genomic dataset can be translated directly into practical conservation strategies. Our research identified distinct populations and their adaptations to local conditions, which offer a data-driven guide for designing fine-scale spatial protection strategies and enhancing reef restocking efforts. Additionally, the rich genomic database lays the groundwork for developing future enforcement tools, such as rapid DNA testing, which could eventually be used to trace confiscated catches and combat illegal poaching. Ultimately, this study demonstrates how modern genomics can supply missing pieces of information needed to protect vulnerable marine species and support sustainable coastal livelihoods.
Bio: Jaime is interested in conservation genomics. Currently, he is working on developing tools to improve the accuracy of meta barcoding for species identification on eDNA and aquaculture feeds. He is very passionate about conservation of the natural environment and strongly believe that genetic tools can play a more prominent role to drive more sustainable policies around the world.